沃伦

UPA成員大都是偽警察，有德國人供應武器提供訓練，而且在四一至四二年協助SS清剿聯共黨員和猶太人期間已經練習過怎麼搞圍捕和屠殺。所以後來在43年大屠殺期間他們的效率極高。女主逃亡路上保護過她的其實是德國陸軍並不是什麼黨衛軍，那麼多影評都會認錯也是天曉得了。至於為何不讓紅軍游擊隊出現，電影裡其實交代過：蘇德聯合滅掉波蘭後NKVD已經針對波蘭人搞過清洗。這部電影談不上血腥，都比不上白俄羅斯的「自己去看」，43年屠殺的真相要比電影慘百倍。

受害者1

受害者2

波蘭人對UPA成員展開報復

不来电也不得不妥协，

可以理解，

那只是为了生存。

彼此喜欢却彼此撑住，

是因为彼此都想展示彼此最好的一面，

以维系相遇时的美好。

而互为真爱不同，

互为真爱可以不洗澡肆无忌惮的在牛圈里做爱，

甚至不惜牺牲自己保全对方。

没有爱与希望之后的人生是孤魂野鬼，

也是一具四处流浪的躯壳，

只是活着而已…

终于趁身边有活人的时候，把这部看了好几次都没敢看完的电影看完了。

我知道《沃伦》的背景历史，也知道导演很直白的真实再现了各种惨绝人寰的屠杀实景，所以在观影时做好了准备：有东欧各民族混居的乡村生活，有珍贵的爱情和如萤火虫般的星点善意，有苏军偷鸡酗酒随便杀人，有乌克兰人箪食壶浆以迎纳粹王师的经典场面，当然真正最可怕的依然是多年与你如亲如友的邻居转眼变成恶魔的画面。

有一幕很少被人提及，论血腥和暴力程度，在片中甚至算不上号：

一个非常年轻的波兰军官孤身前往与臭名昭著的乌克兰起义军（UPA）谈判。UPA的头头下马后跟波兰军官说：

“我读过你写的诗。我很喜欢。”

下一秒就让手下把写诗的波兰军官绑在两匹马间直接分尸了。

这个场面莫名让我想起阿多诺的那句名言：

“奥斯维辛后，写诗是野蛮的。”

这句名言放这不甚恰当，诗歌作为文学的最高形式，在野蛮和暴力的狂欢面前当然是脆弱的不堪一击，但当一个读诗的人虐杀一个写诗的人时，这种残暴又荒诞的现实恰恰是一种反人类反文明的复杂体现，被消灭的不仅仅是生命，更是真善美。

我也不知道说什么好，非常压抑，虽然电影假的，但屠杀是真的。

有很多细节没大跟上，然后去补了一下课hhhhh，来自Wikipedia，对于一些脸盲的地方有帮助。

The movie tells the story of a young Polish girl, Zosia Głowacka, from Volhynia's a village settled by Ukrainians, Poles and Jews.The story begins shortly before the outbreak of World War II in 1939 with the marriage of Zosia's sister to a Ukrainian. During the wedding, Zosia's father decides that she has to marry an older village administrator and a widower, Maciej Skiba, despite her being deeply in love with a young, local Ukrainian boy, Petro. The local Ukrainian population shows a lot of resentment towards Polish officials, as they favor the Polish minority in Volhynia. Because of that, some Ukrainians carry out terrorist attacks against Polish authorities and Ukrainian collaborators. These attacks are met with severe actions from the Polish government, including closing Orthodox churches and the humiliation of the Ukrainian population. Despite that, some parts of the Ukrainian and Polish populations try to reconcile with each other.

When the war begins, Maciej gets conscripted to the Polish Army to fight against the Germans in the September Campaign. When the campaign is lost, Maciej and other survivors try to return to their homes. On their way back, all members of the group, except Maciej, are captured by local Ukrainians, tortured and killed.

Maciej manages to get to the village thanks to disguising himself as a Ukrainian. The village is in the eastern part of Poland, which gets occupied by the Soviet Union, and communist rule is established in the village. The local Ukrainian and Jewish populations co-operate with the Soviet authorities, replacing prewar Polish authorities as governors.

In the meantime, Zosia gets pregnant, most likely by Petro, but wants Maciej to believe that the child is his. As a part of a massive deportation of the Polish population carried out by the Soviets in 1939–1941, Zosia, Maciej and his children, are about to be sent to Siberia or Kazakhstan to do forced labour. Zosia and the children are rescued in the last moment, just as the train is about to depart. Petro bribes the guard with vodka. When they come back to Petro's home, Zosia gets contractions. While she is giving birth to her child, the guard arrives and kills Petro. Zosia then takes care of Maciej's home and children during his absence. The children are sent to a school organized by the Soviets.

The plot then switches to 1941, when the German Army is conquering Volhynia during Operation Barbarossa. The Germans begin to kill the local Jews and organize local police units from Ukrainian collaborators, who actively participate in the Holocaust. However, Zosia and other Ukrainians still try to help the Jews by hiding them in safe places.

In the meantime, Maciej comes back home after he manages to escape deportation. The family tries to organize its life in the changed reality, as the Poles face increased hostility from their Ukrainian neighbours, resulting in an increase of murders of Poles committed by the latter. One day Maciej sets out to the local market despite Zosia's protests motivated by her fearing for his safety. She is proven right, as the other Polish neighbours arrive some days later with Maciej's head cut off.

Zosia tries to get by the best she can while she takes care of the children. However, one day, she defends herself against an attempted rape by a Ukrainian policeman, and the presence of the Jews hidden by her is revealed. The Jews, an old couple and a young unrelated boy, escape and find shelter for the winter in the home of a local Ukrainian, who agrees to help after the Jew promises him a large amount of money. When the Jew's wife dies and winter comes, the Ukrainian demands a payment. When he asees that the Jew cannot pay him, he murders him in the forest. The young Jew is rescued by the Ukrainian's son.

In the summer of 1943, news about the killings committed by Ukrainians spreads among the Poles in the village. At the time, a young Polish man who is seriously injured arrives at Zosia's home. When he recovers, he settles there as it makes Zosia feel safer. He contacts the local Home Army unit, which, by orders of the Polish government in the United Kingdom, does not protect the Poles from Ukrainian attacks but prepares to fight the Germans in the future. When the young man is asked to be a guide for members of the Home Army on the way to a meeting with the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), Zosia desperately tries to discourage him from going. She failed to stop him. When two members of the Home Army arrive at the meeting, as agreed without weapons, they get surrounded by the UPA soldiers, captured, and then dismembered by horses. The men from the UPA then hunt for the rest of the Home Army group. They find only Zosia's friend, who has escaped and is hiding in a church that is full of Poles. During the ceremony, the Ukrainians enter the church, killing everyone in the way, but Zosia's friend. She runs to the church's tower and somehow survives the attack.

In the meantime, the local Ukrainian population, the former Ukrainian policeman and his friends join the UPA in the forest. They gather and call to eradicate the lands from Poles. There are two ceremonies from the Ukrainian Orthodox priests shown: the first one preaching about loving neighbours and the second one calling to kill all Poles to achieve pure Ukrainian lands at last.

Soon, the first survivors of the pogroms arrive to the village and tell the story of Ukrainian neighbours killing Poles and everybody who protested against the killings. The local Ukrainian village administrator arrives at Zosia's home to ensure her that she and her children can stay at home, as they would not be harmed by their Ukrainian neighbours. Also, other Polish people are reassured about their safety. However, those are only deception tactics to allow Ukrainians to kill as many Poles as possible.

The killings in the village begin at night. Zosia escapes with her child, but as she runs away, she sees Poles being tortured, including pregnant women being stabbed in womb, people getting disemboweled and getting their eyes gouged out. Zosia's stepson is murdered during this massacre. Her stepdaughter, however, is rescued by a Ukrainian peasant. On their way to escape from certain death, Zosia and her child arrive to Petro's previous house, where they get rescued by Petro's mother.

As Zosia runs away with her child from place to place, she encounters the corpses of mutilated Polish infants, women and elderly in every village. In one place, she runs into a unit of the German Army, which saves her from certain death, just moments before Ukrainians are about to kill her and her child. The Germans are astonished at first as to why she walks alongside them, but when they find more and more stacks of murdered Poles on their way, they feel sorry for her and escort her to the place where her sister, Helena, lives. She is welcomed there, as Vasyl, Helena's Ukrainian husband, is friendly to Poles. Zosia hides in their shed with her son. As most of the village's population is already involved in killings, Vasyl's brother tries to convince him to join the nationalists and to kill his Polish wife so that he can save himself and the children. As they wrangle, Vasyl kills his own brother with an axe.

The next night, the whole family is attacked by Poles who seek revenge on Ukrainians. They condemn Helena for living with a Ukrainian. They slaughter her newborn in front of her eyes, kill Vasyl and behead her. Zosia observes everything from the shed. Terrified, she escapes again and is now afraid of both Ukrainians and Poles. She hides in the woods with her son. Subsequent scenes show the UPA rushing through the forest, exultantly celebrating while leading a cart occupied by the Poles who killed Helena's family and other Ukrainians, but now disfigured, mauled and visibly tortured as punishment for the retaliatory attacks. A young, blond man with obscured features places Zosia's son on a horse-drawn cart, before approaching Zosia's resting place in the forest. The film then alternates between shots of an unconscious Zosia on a cart, Zosia and her son walking through a German checkpoint at a bridge, before finally settling on an unconscious Zosia lying on the cart, her son sitting at the front of the wagon with the young man, who looks exactly like Petro, making their way through the wide green fields of Volhynia.

读尤瓦尔·赫拉利的《人类简史》，其中对于智人第二次走出非洲后的飞跃式发展，提出了一个有意思假设，他认为智人用语言讲述故事的能力，导致了智人的空前团结。智人懂得了建立一个组织，懂得了运用团队力量的时候，智人就真的成了人。

这个假设是有道理的。想起我上初中的时候，政治课教材上说劳动创造了人，我就一直没搞懂，为什么劳动可以创造人？猴子猩猩等灵长类动物也会劳动啊，甚至也可以使用工具，但为什么就不能成长为人呢。所有的生物难道不是都在为了生存和繁衍在劳动着吗？

语言的进一步精确化，导致了讲故事能力的提升，人类终于迎来快速的发展。

“故事”让大家有了共同相信的东西，导致信仰的产生，开始了原始的宗教，共同的信仰把一群人划归成了一个团体。慢慢的演变成了现代意义的民族，国家，地区，教派等等。

我不觉得判断民族的根本是取决于血统。更多的是一种文化上的认同。例如汉族，就不是讲究血统的，例如“五胡入华”。而且当下的中国，很多少数民族也已经汉化了，例如壮族，除了三月三要放假以外，可能他们大部分人都意识不到自己和汉族的差异了。

百万年来，人类寻找彼此之间的相同点，然后不同的人聚合起来形成团体的本能一直没有改变。小到一个公司，一个班级拉帮结派，大到不同的政党，不同信仰的教派，不同的国家和民族。一旦确定你不是我们这个圈子的，那就要打击报复了，甚至摧毁。

电影《沃伦》中，乌克兰人，波兰人，犹太人，在沃伦这个地区，曾经发生的互相屠杀极其恐惧，据说电影展示的只有真实事件的十分之一。曾经友善的邻居成了魔鬼，可曾想到，几年前还一起在田间并肩劳作的邻居，几年后会用农具插向你的肚子，挖掉你的眼睛，剥掉你的皮肤，用斧子在门槛上砍下你的头颅。

而且比较讽刺的是，乌克兰人波兰人都是属于斯拉夫人。

可以这么说，智人能够在尼安德特人直立人等猿人中脱颖而出，并迅速站到了食物链的顶端。这种寻找共同点聚合成团体的基因，就流淌在我们的血液里了。

在这个自然界，最恐怖的物种不是别人，就是我们智人。

最恐怖的恐怖不是妖魔，不是外星生物，而是人类文明史之间的互相杀伐，长平之战，扬州十日，蒙古入侵，十字军东征，纳粹犹太人，卢旺达屠杀，南京，纹革等等都是赤裸裸血淋淋的人间地狱，他们能找出各种正当理由，资源土地，意识形态，阶级冲突，宗教信仰，民族仇恨，本片让我想到零九年乌鲁木齐，昨天还是一起吃饭喝茶唠嗑的邻居，今天就举起屠刀向你全家而来，只不过本片表达过于直白残忍，剥皮，肢解，屠杀孕妇婴儿，R级都别想过，诺不是真实历史真的会被介入禁片，看下来负能量爆棚，已经超过我的阙值，导致现在写影评都思维混乱。。